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The composition of the lipophilic components of the Adams rhododendron RhododendronadamsiiRehd. Acid and neutral components were identified using gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), which has all the advantages of diethyl ether, but is devoid of its disadvantages, was used as the raw material extractant. It does not form peroxides and does not create increased gas contamination due to its higher boiling point. As a result, comparison with databases identified triterpene, phenolcarboxylic and aliphatic acids with a chain length of 8 to 30 carbon atoms, including saturated, unsaturated and dibasic acids. More than 150 triterpene and aliphatic components of the unsaponifiable residue and acid fractions have been identified. Previously, unsaponifiable residues of lipophilic extracts were practically not studied. Only components of Rh.adamsiiand other species of the genus rhododendron essential oils have been studied in detail. For bioactivity testing, samples of the whole extract and its fractionation products were prepared. Some of the studied samples show inhibitory activity against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. © 2022 Altai State University. All rights reserved.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe long COVID-19 symptoms in patients receiving outpatient treatment.Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational, descriptive study was conducted in the COVID-19 clinic of a university hospital in February-May 2022. Patients who applied to the outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in the study. Patients were follow up for prolonged COVID-19 symptoms for a 12 -week period. It was investigated whether there was a relationship between long COVID-19 symptoms frequency and gender, age and blood type.Results: At least one long COVID symptom was observed in 23% of 7139 patients included in the study. Myalgia was the most common symptom detected in 4.33% of all patients. Cough and loss of taste/smell were the most common symptoms in women, and dizziness in men. The frequency of 26 of 29 symptoms varied with age. While the symptoms most affected by the Body Mass Index were peripheral neuropathy and tinnitus, the least affected symptoms were loss of taste/smell, anxiety and depression.Conclusion: Long COVID symptoms were widely detected in COVID-19 outpatients. Age, gender and BMI may be factors affecting long COVID symptoms.
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During the COVID-19 process, determination-based analytical chemistry studies have had a major place at every stage. Many analytical techniques have been used in both diagnostic studies and drug analysis. Among these, electrochemical sensors are frequently preferred due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, short analysis time, reliability, ease of sample preparation, and low use of organic solvents. For the determination of drugs used in the SARS-CoV-2, such as favipiravir, molnupiravir, ribavirin, etc., electrochemical (nano)sensors are widely used in both pharmaceutical and biological samples. Diagnosis is the most critical step in the management of the disease, and electrochemical sensor tools are widely preferred for this purpose. Diagnostic electrochemical sensor tools can be biosensor-, nano biosensor-, or MIP-based sensors and utilize a wide variety of analytes such as viral proteins, viral RNA, antibodies, etc. This review overviews the sensor applications in SARS-CoV-2 in terms of diagnosis and determination of drugs by evaluating the most recent studies in the literature. In this way, it is aimed to compile the developments so far by shedding light on the most recent studies and giving ideas to researchers for future studies.
ABSTRACT
The composition of the lipophilic components of the Adams rhododendron RhododendronadamsiiRehd. Acid and neutral components were identified using gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), which has all the advantages of diethyl ether, but is devoid of its disadvantages, was used as the raw material extractant. It does not form peroxides and does not create increased gas contamination due to its higher boiling point. As a result, comparison with databases identified triterpene, phenolcarboxylic and aliphatic acids with a chain length of 8 to 30 carbon atoms, including saturated, unsaturated and dibasic acids. More than 150 triterpene and aliphatic components of the unsaponifiable residue and acid fractions have been identified. Previously, unsaponifiable residues of lipophilic extracts were practically not studied. Only components of Rh.adamsiiand other species of the genus rhododendron essential oils have been studied in detail. For bioactivity testing, samples of the whole extract and its fractionation products were prepared. Some of the studied samples show inhibitory activity against the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. © 2022 Altai State University. All rights reserved.
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Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), a term also known as alarmins coined by Walter G. Land, Seong, and Matzinger, are endogenous danger molecules that are released from damaged or dying cells and activate the innate immune system by interacting with pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). One of the most well-known DAMPs is High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1), the name being such due to its very fast movement in gel electrophoresis. Importantly, HMGB1 has been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases including myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, epilepsy, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, cancer, as well as hepatic steatosis, and fatty liver disease. There are three sections in the book. The first section is named HMGB1 and Cancer, including two chapters. One of the chapters is focused on HMGB1 in cancer therapy and managing COVID-19 infection, as well as multiple sclerosis. The second chapter in the first section is the crosstalk between cancer and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIR) through HMGB1 via ferroptotic cell death. The second section is HMGB1 and metabolic interactions, consisting of two chapters. The first chapter is HMGB1 and inflammation in adipose tissue, resulting in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The second chapter in the second section sums up recent data related to HMGB1 and liver injury, e.g., drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, viral hepatitis, sepsis, and acute chronic liver failure, hepatocellular death through oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling, and autophagy in hepatocytes. The third section is about HMGB1 and neurodegenerative diseases. The section contains four chapters. The first chapter in the section evaluates HMGB1 and its antagonist in brain disorders, including epilepsy, headache, neuroimmunological disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, and stroke. The second chapter in the third section is about the role of HMGB1 on post-brain injury, including potential mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities as well. The third chapter in the third section evaluates the interaction of HMGB1 and Multiple sclerosis via TLR4/NF-?B signaling pathway, leading to the release of proinflammatory cytokines causing an inflammatory response. The last chapter aims to explain the effects of HMGB1 on epilepsy. © 2023 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has spread to the world in a short time since its emergence in Wuhan, China, and mobilized international health authorities with its effects, continues its development seriously. Due to the fast spread of COVID-19, governments have made some decisions to build new temporary hospitals for patients infected with COVID-19. This situation increased the importance of the site selection process for a pandemic hospital during the current critical time. Site selection of a hospital can be considered as multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem since it includes multiple factors. This paper applies an analytical tool for evaluating the criteria of the site selection of a pandemic hospital. For this purpose, the extended best–worst method with trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy numbers (IT2FBWM) is employed to determine the importance weights of the pandemic hospital site selection criteria. The paper's findings point out that the IT2FBWM model can help decision-makers determine the importance weights of the criteria used in the pandemic hospital siting decisions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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Covid 19 is an acute respiratory disease caused by a novel type of Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that was first detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China. Its most common symptoms are fever, cough, and weakness;and in the early stages, there may not be findings on chest computed tomography. In pulmonary involvement, peripheral ground-glass areas, a cobblestone appearance, consolidated areas, and interlobular septal thickening, which are usually prominent in the lower lobes may be seen in thorax computed tomography. Consolidation, solid nodules, halo sign, inverted halo sign, vascular enlargement, subpleural line, air bronchograms, and bronchiectasis are other less common findings. In our case, we aimed to present our 69 years old female patient with bilateral nodular densities on thoracic CT and transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy result was reported as lesions compatible with interstitial fibrosis due to Covid-19 inflammation.
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This article aims at analyzing the various ideological interventions, prompted by the pandemic in Turkey, in the fields of power, politics, and religion. In a country and a context where politics and religion are closely connected, and a particular Turkish experience with few parallels in the Muslim world, our investigation will be two-fold: how to calculate the ongoing impact of Covid-19 on the Turkish political field, and secondly, how has the religious world reacted in backing up politics in its response to this crisis. We are seeking to understand the effects of the crisis on the established power, and on the orientations of national and international policy in the context of a health crisis. Lastly, we need to examine the role of religion in the management of the crisis.
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Shortly after the first cases were reported in late 2019 in Wuhan Province of China, SARS CoV 2 spread all over the world and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 12, 2020. In Turkey the first case was in March 10, 2020 and March 25, 2020 in Duzce. Duzce University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, PCR laboratory was declared to be "T.C. Ministry of Health Duzce authorized Covid 19 PCR laboratory " in 28.03.2020. Samples are sent to our laboratory from all provincial and district hospitals, private hospitals and public health institutions in Duzce. This is the only Covid 19 center in our city and it works for 7 days a week. In our laboratory, Covid 19 antibody tests are carried out with card tests and ELISA methods. A total of 8500 COVID 19 PCR tests and 2200 anti Covid19 ELISA total antibody tests were studied in our laboratory within three months. Although covid 19 patients are not followed in our hospital, pandemic process continues in our laboratory. In addition, all PCR studies and IFA studies of the hospital are carried out in this laboratory.
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Purpose: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which restricted face to face instruction, most of the educational institutions have been obliged to continue their education through distance education without examining the conditions necessary for effective online learning. The researcher who offered more than 100 class hours of English instruction realized that the students did not participate in online courses as much as expected. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the level of students’ online learning readiness (OLR) and the factors predicting their participation in online English courses. Method: The study employed a correlational research design to discover the relationship between variables. The sample included 177 students selected from the Departments of Civil Aviation and Translation and Interpreting. Data were collected using a validated and reliable OLR scale. This instrument was conducted as an online form, which included an additional part to obtain information about some characteristics of the sample, which were used to examine relationships. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. Findings: The findings revealed that the students had an average level of OLR. The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that students’ department type, previous experience in online courses, computer ownership, computer/internet self-efficacy (CIS) and motivation for learning (ML) influenced students’ participation in online courses, while internet limit, self-directed learning (SDL), learner control (LC) and online communication self-efficacy (OCS) were not significant variables influencing their participation frequency. Implications for Research and Practice: Further research was suggested to examine the relationship between different predictors and the outcome variable. It was suggested to take actions to maximize students’ participation for more learning gains. © 2021 Ani Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in Wuhan, China, and caused a pandemic in the world. SARS-CoV-2 infections have a great health risk, especially in patients with chronic diseases. There are concerns that COVID-19 will be more severe in patients with severe asthma. The efficacy and safety of biological agents used in severe asthmatics during SARS-CoV-2 infections are currently unknown. In this case report, we present a patient who had been using omalizumab for five years with the diagnosis of severe asthma and died due to COVID-19. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a Turkish patient who died due to COVID-19 under omalizumab treatment for severe asthma.
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Objective The Coronavirus disease 2019 is a global public health problem that has led to psychological disorders (depression, anxiety, etc.), especially in fragile individuals such as those affected by multiple sclerosis. This study investigated the relationship between anxiety and nutritional habits during the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in multiple sclerosis patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was an online survey of multiple sclerosis patients living in Turkey. The total sample consisted of 294 multiple sclerosis patients. A questionnaire containing general demographic data, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and nutritional attitudes and habits was applied to multiple sclerosis patients. Results Moderate or severe anxiety scores were found in 42.2% of multiple sclerosis patients. Weight gain was reported in 40.5% of them during the outbreak. A statistically significant difference was found in the distribution of individuals' Beck Anxiety Inventory scores for consumption of nuts/seeds, rice/pasta, cake/cookies, and water. A 1-unit increase in Beck Anxiety Inventory scores led to a 1.04 times increased consumption of bread and rice/pasta and a 1.05 times increased consumption of cake/cookies either before or after controlling for potential confounders. A 1-unit increase in Beck Anxiety Inventory scores led to a 1.06 times decreased consumption of water and a 1.04 times decreased consumption of meat and poultry, fruit (fresh), and rice/pasta, either before or after controlling for potential confounders. Conclusion During the Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, anxiety led to changes in multiple sclerosis patients' nutritional habits and food preferences. The continuous surveillance of psychological consequences and nutritional counseling during outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide.